VoIP uses UDP. It is connectionless; it is better to lose a packet or two than have it retransmitted half a second later.

The CIA (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability) Triad: Availability - We ensure authorized people can access the data they need, when they need to.

Backdoors: Often installed by attackers during an attack to allow them access to the systems after the initial attack is over, to continue exfiltrating data over time, or to come back and compromise other systems. Bypassing normal authentication or encryption in a computer system, a product, or an embedded device, etc. Backdoors are often used for securing remote access to a computer, or obtaining access to plaintext in cryptographic systems.

Full and incremental backups clear the archive bit, differential backups does not. We have no clue as to what type of backup the weekly is so not the right answer.

IPv6 is 128-bit binary, often expressed in hexadecimal numbers (using 0-9 and a-f); for Link Local addresses we add the fe80: prefix to an address, and for EUI/MAC48 addresses we add “fffe” to make it an EUI/MAC64 address.

We can't overwrite, format or degauss PROM. The only way to ensure destruction is shredding.

Black box Pen testing (Zero Knowledge): The attacker had no knowledge about the organization other than publicly available information. They start from the point an external attacker would.

Matrix is not a network topology. Ring, Mesh and Star are network topologies.

CPU (Central Processing Unit), uses Fetch, Decode, Execute, and Store. Fetch - Gets the instructions from memory into the processor. Decode - Internally decodes what it is instructed to do. Execute - Takes the add or subtract values from the registers. Store - Stores the result back into another register (retiring the instruction). Pipelining – Combining multiple steps into one process; can Fetch, Decode, Execute, Store in same clock cycle.

Disk mirroring: Writing the same data across multiple hard disks, this is slower, the Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) controller has to write all data twice, needs at least 2 disks. Disk striping can provide it too IF it uses parity, but as default it does not.