The prefix with "longest prefix" will be matched first, in this case is "/29".

FTP is reliable because it is TCP, also can be used in ROMMON when ios boot failed.

TFTP is not reliable, uses port 69 of UDP and does not support authentication.

Options A and D:

A. input errors - total sum of many counters (including CRC errors)

B. frame - received frames that have an illegal format

C. giants - frames that exceed the maximum frame size

D. CRC - received frames that did not pass the FCS math

E. runts - frames that did not meet the minimum frame size

Subnet Masks given to us are

/18

/21

/23

/25

/29

which means usable host IPs are

2^(32-18)=2^14, which means this subnet is going to have the most usable IP address compared to other networks ie 172.28.192.1 - 172.28.255.254

2^(32-21)=2^11, this is going to have the second largest number of usable IP address ie 172.28.224.1 - 172.28.231.254

2^(32-23)=2^9, last remaining option ie 172.28.228.1 - 172.28.229.254

2^(32-25)=2^7, just above the number of lowest possible usable IPs ie 172.28.228.129 - 172.28.228.254

2^(32-29)=2^3, lowest number possible for the usable IP address ie 172.28.228.145 - 172.28.228.150

KEY DIFFERENCES:

1.TCP is a connection-oriented protocol, whereas UDP is a connectionless protocol.

2.The speed for TCP is slower while the speed of UDP is faster

3.TCP uses handshake protocol like SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK while UDP uses no handshake protocols

4.TCP does error checking and also makes error recovery. On the other hand, UDP performs error checking, but it discards erroneous packets.

5.TCP has acknowledgment segments, but UDP does not have any acknowledgment segment.

6.When we compare TCP vs UDP protocol, TCP is heavy-weight, and UDP is lightweight.

-IPV6 address Autoconfig - Will use the 48 bit mac address and generate a 48 bit IPV6 address on 64 bit Interface.

-ipv6 address 2001:DB8:5:112::/64 eui-64 - Will use specified (64 eui-64) prefix with mac address to generate 64 bit address to the interface.

More Hints:

EUI-64 (Extended Unique Identifier) is a method we can use to automatically configure IPv6 host addresses.

An IPv6 device will use the MAC address of its interface to generate a unique 64-bit interface ID. However, a MAC address is 48 bit and the interface ID is 64 bit.

Examples:

The following example assigns IPv6 address 2001:0DB8:0:1::/64 to Ethernet interface 0 and specifies an EUI-64 interface ID in the low order 64 bits of the address:

Router(config)# interface ethernet 0

Router(config-if)# ipv6 address 2001:0DB8:0:1::/64 eui-64

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/ios-xml/ios/ipv6/command/ipv6-cr-book/ipv6-i1.html#wp3027933494

Hints:

All-nodes link-local multicast group FF02::1

All-routers link-local multicast group FF02::2

First point is /30 subnet is 255.255.255.252. So we can filter out A and C.

Let's find the block size ---> 256-252 = 4

From 4 IPs one for network and one for broadcast. Two usable IPs remain.

So 209.165.201.0 is the network and 209.165.201.2,209.165.201.3 are the usable IPs.

So 209.165.201.2 is a usable IP with 255.255.255.252 subnet mask.

Answer is D.

This question asks about the private ranges of IPv4 addresses. The private ranges of each class of IPv4 are listed below:

1.Class A private IP address ranges from 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

2.Class B private IP address ranges from 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

3.Class C private IP address ranges from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Only the network 172.28.0.0/16 belongs to the private IP address --> of class B.

255.255.255.240 --> /28

Block size = 256-240 = 16 Usable IPs.

Last part of the IP is 143 and there are 144 IPs to 0 to 143.

144/16=9 and hence 192.168.16.143 is a broadcast IP.