The 3-way handshake is client SYN > Server SYN/ACK > Client ACK.

Accountability (often referred to as Auditing): Trace an Action to a Subjects Identity: Proves who performed given action, it provides non-repudiation. Group or shared accounts are never OK, they have zero accountability. Uses audit trails and logs, to associate a subject with its actions.

Logic Bombs - Malicious code that executes at a certain time or event - they are dormant until the event (IF/THEN). IF Bob is not getting an annual bonus over $10,000, THEN execute malicious code. IF date and time 5/15/18 00:02:12, THEN execute malicious code.

Referential integrity: When every foreign key in a secondary table matches a primary key in the parent table. It is broken if not all foreign keys match the primary key.

RAM (Random Access memory) is volatile memory. It loses the memory content after a power loss(or within a few minutes). This can be memory sticks or embedded memory.

Something you know - Type 1 Authentication: Passwords, pass phrase, PIN etc., also called Knowledge factors. It is the weakest form of authentication, and can easily be compromised.

Our Access Control is determined by our policies, procedures, and standards. This outlines how we grant access whom to what: We use least privilege, need to know, and we give our staff and systems exactly the access they need and no more.

CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the brains of the system. Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs arithmetic and logic operations. It’s a processor that registers that supply operands (Object of a Mathematical Operation) to the ALU and stores the results of ALU operations.

It does all the math. Control unit (CU) handles fetching (from memory) and execution of instructions by directing the coordinated operations of the ALU, registers and other components. It also sends instructions to the ALU.

FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF is the layer 2 broadcast address. Layer 2 uses mac addresses.

Event: An observable change in state, this is neither negative nor positive, it is just something has changed. A system powered on, traffic from one segment to another, an application started.