IPSEC (Internet Protocol Security): Set of protocols that provide a cryptographic layer to IP traffic; for IPv4, it is bolted on. For IPv6, it is designed into the protocol.

In Software as a Service (SaaS), the vendor provides everything including the applications and programs. We would provide the data for the applications.

Something you have - Type 2 Authentication: TOTP (Time-based One-Time Password): Time based with shared secret, often generated every 30 or 60 seconds, synchronized clocks are critical.

Layer 1: Physical Layer: wires, fiber, radio waves, hub, part of NIC, connectors (wireless).

Fiber Optic Cables are not susceptible to EMI, so the cables can be run next to power cables with no adverse effects.

SRAM (Static RAM): Fast and expensive. Uses latches to store bits (Flip-Flops). Does not need refreshing to keep data, keeps data until power is lost. This can be embedded on the CPU.

Circuit switching - Expensive, but always available; used less often. A dedicated communications channel through the network. The circuit guarantees the full bandwidth. The circuit functions as if the nodes were physically connected by a cable.

Minimum Operating Requirements (MOR) (Minimum Operating Requirements): The minimum environmental and connectivity requirements for our critical systems to function, can also at times have minimum system requirements for DR sites. We may not need a fully spec'ed system to resume the business functionality.

Simplex is a one-way communication (one system transmits, the other listens).

ROM (Read Only memory) is nonvolatile (retains memory after power loss). EEPROM (Electrically erasable programmable read only memory) – These are electrically erasable, you can use a flashing program. This is still called read only. The ability to write to the BIOS makes it vulnerable to attackers. PLD (Programmable logic devices) are programmable after they leave the factory (EPROM, EEPROM and flash memory). Not PROM.